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L'Arc-en-Ciel  (ラルク アン シエル Raruku an Shieru^?, "The Rainbow" in French), usually stylized as L'Arc~en~Ciel, is a Japanese rock band that formed in 1991. The group has sold over 13 million albums, 16 million singles, and millions of other units, including videos.^[1] They were ranked at number 58 on a list of Top 100 Japanese pop musicians, provided by HMV Japan in 2003, and are among the most influential artists in the Japanese music scene.^[2]

History

1991–1996: Early Career

In February 1991, bassist tetsuya, later band leader, recruited vocalist hyde along with guitarist HIRO and drummer PERO, and formed a band under the name of L'Arc-en-Ciel. After a year of gaining notoriety in their hometown of Osaka, HIRO left the band on June 12, 1992. tetsuya convinced his friend ken to quit his university studies (he was an architecture major at The Nagoya Institute of Technology) and join the band as the guitarist, but soon PERO left the band on December 30, 1992. In 1993, a new drummer, sakura, joined the band.^[2]
On April 1, 1993, the band released their debut album Dune under the indie label Danger Crue. The album was a success and rose to number one on the Oricon indies charts, catching the attention of some major labels. In 1994, L'Arc-en-Ciel signed on with Sony's Ki/oon division, releasing their second album, Tierra that same year. Heavenly followed in 1995. True, released in 1996, became their first number one, million selling album.^[3]

The Gazette (ガゼット Gazetto^?), stylized as the GazettE, is a Japanese visual kei^[1] rock band formed in early 2002, and currently signed to Sony Music Japan's VVV Records. They are now an influential pioneer of the Visual Kei scene around the globe.

Biography

2002: Conception and early work

The foundations of the band began with Ruki (vocals), Reita (bass), and Uruha (guitar). After being involved with other bands in the visual scene, the trio decided that The Gazette would be their last band.^[2] They recruited Aoi (guitar) and Yune (drums) from disbanded visual band Artia and so began The Gazette in January 2002.^[2]
Originally signed to Matina, they released their first single, "Wakaremichi", and a video release on April 30, 2002. They re-released "Wakaremichi" in June. By September, they had released "Kichiku Kyoushi (32sai Dokushin) no Nousatsu Kouza" and their second PV release. In October they played their first solo live. On Christmas, the 5-song compilation 妖幻鏡 moon including the song "Yougenkyou" was released.

2003: New drummer and Cockayne Soup

In early 2003, Yune decided to leave the band, and he was replaced by Kai. Shortly after, they signed with the PS Company label and in May, released their first EP, Cockayne Soup. They started their first tour, with the band Hanamuke, and along with the tour, the bands collaborated on two songs. A second tour followed with the band Vidoll, and the bands were featured together on the November issue of Cure, a magazine focusing on Visual Kei bands.^[3]
In early December, they played a co-headlining show with Deadman. On December 28 they performed at Fool's Mate magazine's Beauti-fool's Fest which was later released on DVD.

2004: Disorder

On January 16, 2004 they recorded a solo performance at the Shibuya-AX, which was released on DVD as Tokyo Saihan -Judgment Day-. On March 30, 2004 they released 5th EP Madara, which reached #2 on the Oricon Indie Charts. Madara was followed on May 26, by a companion DVD, which included six music videos and an in-the-studio documentary. The same month, The Gazette was featured in Shoxx magazine's Expect Rush III, a catalogue of independent visual kei artists.^[4]
A second concert DVD, Heisei Banka, was released on August 25. During September and October they toured with fellow PS Company bands Kra and BIS. Their 1st studio album, Disorder, was released on October 13 and made it to the top 5 of the indies Oricon Daily Charts.

2005-2006: NIL and Nameless Liberty Six Guns

In early 2005, The Gazette embarked on their Japan-wide spring tour called Standing Tour 2005 Maximum Royal Disorder, the final tour was held at Shibuya Kokaido on April 17. On March 9, The Gazette released new single "Reila".
After the DVD release of their concert July 6, the band released their sixth EP, Gama, and embarked on their Standing Tour 2005 (GAMA) the Underground Red Cockroach. On October 20, The Gazette released their first photobook, Verwelktes Gedicht, which included an exclusive CD containing the song "Kare Uta" (枯詩; Withered Poem). On December 7, 2005, the band released their first single under a major label, "Cassis". The promotional video of "Cassis", was shot in Austria. On December 11, The Gazette performed with other bands signed to the PS Company label to celebrate the record label's fifth Anniversary Peace and Smile Carnival 2005 Tour.
Starting 2006 with a name change from Japanese characters to a romanized script, The Gazette released their second studio album, NIL, on February 8. Shortly afterward, they embarked on another Japanese tour named Standing Tour 2006 Nameless Liberty Six Guns and the tour ended at the venue Nippon Budokan.^[5] In May, they released their first compilation album, Dainihon Itangeishateki Noumiso Gyaku Kaiten Zekkyou Ongenshuu; the album included songs from 2002 until 2004. In the next month they released their second music video compilation DVD, Film Bug I. On July 29, The Gazette performed at the Beethovenhalle in Bonn, Germany, their first show outside of Asia. The concerts were arranged in conjunction with the AnimagiC anime and manga convention.^[6]
On August 6, The Gazette held a festival called Gazerock Festival in Summer 06 (Burst into a Blaze) at Tokyo Big Sight West Hall. Later that month, the band released two new singles, "Regret" on October 25, and "Filth in the beauty" on November 1. To promote the singles, they embarked on another tour, Tour 2006-2007 Decomposition Beauty. In the middle of tour, they announced location for the final of the tour to be at Yokohama Arena.